ABSTRACT
Objective: In our study, we aimed to examine the proportion of comorbidities in survivors and non-survivors and investigate the association between the comorbidities and COVID-19 related mortality.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIM: COVID-19, caused by a new coronavirus, SARSCoV2, which emerged in the animal market in Wuhan, China in December 2019, causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. The coronavirus is structurally 2 single-chain, positive polarity, enveloped, ribonucleic acid viruses. It targets the respiratory system. In clinical studies, it has been found to cause a cytokine storm that leads to multi-organ failure. Cytokines are small molecular weight, soluble proteins released by immune cells. The most important is Interleukin-1 β (IL-1β). In this study, it was aimed to determine the levels of IL-1β, which is secreted from innate immune system cells such as monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells, in patients with COVID-19. METHODS: COVID-19 positive patients (n=52) and healthy individuals without any systemic disease (n=35) were included in the study. IL-1β levels from serum samples of patient and control groups were studied by ELISA method in DSXTM Four-Plate Automated ELISA Processing System microELISA device. Statistical analyzes were performed with SPSS Statistic (IBM Corporation, Somers, NY) software version 17. Data were given as median [25P-75P] with the Mann- Whitney U Test. RESULTS: IL-1β levels were 892.09 mg/dL in the patient group;[821.88- 1189.01], while 828.55 mg/dL in the control group;[720,70-1387,55]. Although IL-1β levels increased in the patient group compared to the control group, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.211). CONCLUSIONS: CONCLUSION: By using the data of the study, further studies are recommended to show the effects of IL-1 BETA level on COVID-19 positive patients.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The source of COVID-19, which was declared a pandemic in March 2020, is coronavirus called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Our immune system to eliminate infectious agents such as SARS-COV-2;It uses cellular elements such as lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, NK cells and platelets, dissolved molecules such as cytokines, chemokines, acute phase proteins and complements that work in harmony with each other. Cytokines are regulatory proteins. They undertake tasks such as proliferation, differentiation and activation of cellular elements such as leukocytes. In this study, it was aimed to investigate relationship between cytokines and immunophenotypic characters of leukocyte subgroups in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: In this study, 51 COVID-19 patients (18-71 years) were included who outpatient applied to Mersin University Hospital and were positive for COVID-19 according to PCR (Bio-Speedy RT-qPCR Detection Kit, Bioeksen, Turkey) analysis. Samples taken on the application day were included in the study. Immunophenotype analyzes were measured by flow cytometry using the FACSCalibur (Becton Dickinson, USA) instrument. Cytokine levels (IL-1β and IL-6) were studied with the ELISA method (DSX-4-Plate Automated, Dynex, USA). RESULTS: Correlations of cytokines and leukocyte subgroups were examined, respectively, in CD3+ T-lymphocytes (r=-0,034-r=-0,096), CD4+ T-Helper (r=-0,035-r=-0,074), CD8+ T-cytotoxic (r=0,097-r=0,135), CD19+ B-lymphocytes (r=0,020-r=0,09), HLA-DR+ lymphocytes (r=0,064-r=0,006), CD56+ NK cells (r=-0,023-r=0,57). No correlation was observed between IL-1β and IL-6 and leukocyte subgroups (P>0.05). A strong positive correlation was found between IL-1β and IL-6 (r=0.894, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: New approaches are needed in the treatment of COVID-19 patients, especially in patients with cytokine storm. Due to do there was no significant correlation between IL-1β and IL-6 and the immunophenotypic characters of leukocyte subgroups, and a strong positive correlation was observed between IL-1β and IL-6, it was thought that monitoring proinflammatory cytokines in patients would be of clinical benefit.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIM: COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV2 causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. The inflammatory response plays a critical role, and the cytokine storm increases the severity. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) results in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). METHODS: Data of 52 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between 2019 and 2020 were evaluated retrospectively. Healthy individuals (n=35) were included in the control group. IL-6 was measured by ELISA method (DSX System, Dynex Technology INC, USA), CRP was measured by turbidimetric method (AU680, Beckman Coulter Ltd, Ireland). Statistical analyzes were performed with SPSS Statistics (IBM Corporation, Somers, NY) software version 17. RESULTS: Outliers were excluded by the Box-Plot plot method. It was observed that CRP and IL-6 parameters did not have normal distribution by Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov-Smirnov methods. Median and interquartile range values were calculated. While a statistically significant difference was found between the mean of the patient and control groups for CRP (p<0.001), there was no significant difference between the patient and control groups for IL-6 (p=0.249). A moderate linear relationship was found between IL-6 and CRP by correlation test (r=0.636). CONCLUSIONS: While there was a significant difference in CRP between the patient and control groups, no significant difference was found in IL-6. In line with the data, it is thought that CRP is more diagnostically significant compared to IL-6 in the follow-up of COVID-19, but further studies with large patient groups are recommended.